John Newbery Honor Award Books
Newbery Medal Award Winners
Date |
Book |
Author |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | The Undefeated | Kwame Alexander, illustrator Kadir Nelson |
| Scary Stories for Young Foxes | Christian McKay Heidicker illustrator Junyi Wu |
|
| Other Words for Home | Jasmine Warga | |
| Genesis Begins | Again Alicia D. Williams | |
| 2019 | The Night Diary | Veera Hiranandani |
| The Book of Boy Catherine | Gilbert Murdock illustrator Ian Schoenherr |
|
| 2018 | Crown: An Ode to the Fresh Cut | Derrick Barnes illustrator Gordon C. James |
| Long Way Down | Jason Reynolds | |
| Piecing Me Together | Renée Watson | |
| 2017 | Freedom Over Me: Eleven Slaves, Their Lives and Dreams Brought to Life | Ashley Bryan |
| The Inquisitor’s Tale: Or, The Three Magical Children and Their Holy Dog | written by Adam Gidwitz, illustrated by Hatem Aly | |
| Wolf Hollow | Lauren Wolk | |
| 2016 | The War that Saved my Life | Kimberly Brubaker Bradley |
| Roller Girl | Victoria Jamieson | |
| Echo | Pam Muñoz Ryan | |
| 2015 | El Deafo | Cece Bell |
| Brown Girl Dreaming | Jacqueline Woodson | |
| 2014 | Doll Bones | Holly Black |
| The Year of Billy Miller | Kevin Henkes | |
| One Came Home | Amy Timberlake | |
| 2013 | Splendors and Glooms | Laura Amy Schlitz |
| Bomb: The Race to Build—and Steal—the World’s Most Dangerous Weapon * | Steve Sheinkin | |
| Three Times Lucky | Sheila Turnage | |
| 2012 | Inside Out & Back Again | Thanhha Lai |
| Breaking Stalin's Nose | Eugene Yelchin | |
| 2011 | Dark Emperor and Othe Poems of the Night | Joyce Sidman, Illustrated by Rick Allen |
| Heart of a Samurai | Mergi Preus | |
| One Crazy Summer | Rita Williams-Garcia | |
| Turtle in Paradise | Jennifer L. Holm | |
| 2010 | Claudette Colvin: Twice Toward Justice | Phillip Hoose |
| The Evolution of Calpurnia Tate | Jacqueline Kelly | |
| Where the Mountain Meets the Moon | Grace Lin | |
| The Mostly True Adventures of Homer P. Figg | Rodman Philbrick | |
| 2009 | The Underneath | Kathi Appelt, illus. David Small |
| The Surrender Tree: Poems of Cuba's Struggle for Freedom | Margarita Engle | |
| Savvy | Ingrid Law | |
| After Tupac & D Foster | Jacqueline Woodson | |
| 2008 | Elijah of Buxton * | Christopher Paul Curtis |
| The Wednesday Wars | Gary D. Schmidt | |
| Feathers | Jacqueline Woodson | |
| 2007 | Penny from Heaven | Jeffifer L. Holm |
| Hattie Big Sky | Kirby Larson | |
| Rules | Cynthia Lord | |
| 2006 | Whittington | Alan Armstrong |
| Hitler Youth: Growing Up in Hitler's Shadow | Susan Campbell | |
| Princess Academy | Shannon Hale Bartoletti | |
| Show Way | Jacquieline Woodson | |
| 2005 | Al Capone Does My Shirts | Gennifer Choldenko |
| The Voice that Challenged a Nation: Marian Anderson and the Struggle for Equal Rights | Russel Freedman | |
| Lizzie Bright and the Buckminster Boy * | Gary D. Schmidt | |
| 2004 | Olive's Ocean | Kevin Henkes |
| An American Plague: The True and Terrifying Story of the Yellow Fever Epidemic of 1793 * | Jim Murphy | |
| 2003 | Pictures of Hollis Woods | Patricia Reilly Giff (Random House/Wendy Lamb Books) |
| Hoot | Carl Hiaasen (Knopf) | |
| A Corner of The Universe | Ann M. Martin (Scholastic) | |
| Surviving the Applewhites | Stephanie S. Tolan (HarperCollins) | |
| 2002 | Everything on a Waffle | Polly Horvath (Farrar Straus Giroux) |
| Carver: A Life In Poems | Marilyn Nelson (Front Street) | |
| 2001 | Hope Was Here | Joan Bauer (G.P. Putnams Sons) |
| Because of Winn-Dixie * | Kate DiCamillo (Candlewick Press) | |
| Joey Pigza Loses Control | Jack Gantos (Farrar, Straus, and Giroux) | |
| The Wanderer | Sharon Creech (Joanna Cotler Books/HarperCollins) | |
| 2000 | Getting Near to Baby | Audrey Couloumbis (Putnam) |
| Our Only May Amelia | Jennifer L. Holm (HarperCollins) | |
| 26 Fairmount Avenue * | Tomie dePaola (Putnam) | |
| 1999 | A Long Way from Chicago | Richard Peck (Dial) |
| 1998 | Ella Enchanted * | Gail Carson Levine (HarperCollins) |
| Lily's Crossing | Patricia Reilly Giff (Delacorte) | |
| Wringer | Jerry Spinelli (HarperCollins) | |
| 1997 | A Girl Named Disaster * | Nancy Farmer (Richard Jackson/Orchard Books) |
| Moorchild | Eloise McGraw (Margaret McElderry/Simon & Schuster) | |
| The Thief | Megan Whalen Turner (Greenwillow/Morrow) | |
| Belle Prater's Boy | Ruth White (Farrar Straus Giroux) | |
| 1996 | What Jamie Saw | Carolyn Coman (Front Street) |
| The Watsons Go to Birmingham: 1963 * | Christopher Paul Curtis (Delacorte | |
| Yolonda's Genius | Carol Fenner (Margaret K. McElderry/Simon & Schuster | |
| The Great Fire * | Jim Murphy (Scholastic) | |
| 1995 | Catherine, Called Birdy * | Karen Cushman (Clarion) |
| The Ear, the Eye and the Arm | by Nancy Farmer (Jackson/Orchard) | |
| 1994 | Crazy Lady | Jane Leslie Conly (HarperCollins) |
| Dragon's Gate | Laurence Yep (HarperCollins) | |
| Eleanor Roosevelt: A Life of Discovery | Russell Freedman (Clarion Books) | |
| 1993 | What Hearts | Bruce Brooks (A Laura Geringer Book, a HarperCollins imprint) |
| The Dark-thirty: Southern Tales of the Supernatural | Patricia McKissack (Knopf) | |
| Somewhere in the Darkness | Walter Dean Myers (Scholastic Hardcover) | |
| 1992 | Nothing But The Truth: a Documentary Novel | Avi (Jackson/Orchard) |
| The Wright Brothers: How They Invented the Airplane * | Russell Freedman (Holiday House) | |
| 1991 | The True Confessions of Charlotte Doyle | Avi (Jackson/Orchard) |
| 1990 | Afternoon of the Elves | Janet Taylor Lisle (Jackson/Orchard) |
| Shabanu, Daughter of the Wind | Suzanne Fisher Staples (Knopf) | |
| The Winter Room | Gary Paulsen (Jackson/Orchard) | |
| 1989 | In The Beginning: Creation Stories from Around the World | Virginia Hamilton (Harcourt) |
| Scorpions * | Walter Dean Myers (Harper) | |
| 1988 | After The Rain | Norma Fox Mazer (Morrow) |
| Hatchet * | Gary Paulsen (Bradbury) | |
| 1987 | A Fine White Dust | Cynthia Rylant (Bradbury) |
| On My Honor | Marion Dane Bauer (Clarion) | |
| Volcano: The Eruption and Healing of Mount St. Helens | Patricia Lauber (Bradbury) | |
| 1986 | Commodore Perry In the Land of the Shogun | Rhoda Blumberg (Lothrop) |
| Dogsong | Gary Paulsen (Bradbury) | |
| 1985 | Like Jake and Me | Mavis Jukes (Knopf) |
| The Moves Make the Man | Bruce Brooks (Harper) | |
| One-Eyed Cat * | Paula Fox (Bradbury) | |
| 1984 | The Sign of the Beaver * | Elizabeth George Speare (Houghton) |
| A Solitary Blue | Cynthia Voigt (Atheneum) | |
| Sugaring Time | Kathryn Lasky (Macmillan) | |
| The Wish Giver: Three Tales of Coven Tree | Bill Brittain (Harper) | |
| 1983 | The Blue Sword | Robin McKinley (Greenwillow) |
| Doctor DeSoto | William Steig (Farrar) | |
| Graven Images | Paul Fleischman (Harper) | |
| Homesick: My Own Story | Jean Fritz (Putnam) | |
| Sweet Whispers, Brother Rush | Virginia Hamilton (Philomel) | |
| 1982 | Ramona Quimby, Age 8 * | Beverly Cleary (Morrow) |
| Upon the Head of the Goat: A Childhood in Hungary 1939-1944 | Aranka Siegal (Farrar) | |
| 1981 | The Fledgling | Jane Langton (Harper) |
| A Ring of Endless Light | Madeleine L'Engle (Farrar) | |
| 1980 | The Road from Home: The Story of an Armenian Girl | David Kherdian (Greenwillow) |
| 1979 | The Great Gilly Hopkins * | Katherine Paterson (Crowell) |
| 1978 | Ramona and Her Father | Beverly Cleary (Morrow) |
| Anpao: An American Indian Odyssey | Jamake Highwater (Lippincott) | |
| 1977 | Abel's Island | William Steig (Farrar) |
| A String in the Harp | Nancy Bond (Atheneum) | |
| 1976 | The Hundred Penny Box * | Sharon Bell Mathis (Viking) |
| Dragonwings | Laurence Yep (Harper) | |
| 1975 | Figgs & Phantoms | Ellen Raskin (Dutton) |
| My Brother Sam is Dead * | James Lincoln Collier & Christopher Collier (Four Winds) | |
| The Perilous Gard | Elizabeth Marie Pope (Houghton) | |
| Philip Hall Likes Me, I Reckon Maybe * | Bette Greene (Dial) | |
| 1974 | The Dark Is Rising * | Susan Cooper (McElderry/Atheneum) |
| 1973 | Frog and Toad Together * | Arnold Lobel (Harper) |
| The Upstairs Room * | Johanna Reiss (Crowell) | |
| The Witches of Worm | Zilpha Keatley Snyder (Atheneum) | |
| 1972 | Incident At Hawk's Hill | Allan W. Eckert (Little, Brown) |
| The Planet of Junior Brown | Virginia Hamilton (Macmillan) | |
| The Tombs of Atuan * | Ursula K. LeGuin (Atheneum) | |
| Annie and the Old One * | Miska Miles (Little, Brown) | |
| The Headless Cupid | Zilpha Keatley Snyder (Atheneum) | |
| 1971 | Knee Knock Rise | Natalie Babbitt (Farrar) |
| Enchantress From the Stars | Sylvia Louise Engdahl (Atheneum) | |
| Sing Down the Moon | Scott O'Dell (Houghton) | |
| 1970 | Our Eddie | Sulamith Ish-Kishor (Pantheon) |
| The Many Ways of Seeing: An Introduction to the Pleasures of Art | Janet Gaylord Moore (World) | |
| Journey Outside | Mary Q. Steele (Viking) | |
| 1969 | To Be a Slave | Julius Lester (Dial) |
| When Shlemiel Went to Warsaw and Other Stories | Isaac Bashevis Singer (Farrar) | |
| 1968 | Jennifer, Hecate, Macbeth, William McKinley, and Me, Elizabeth | E. L. Konigsburg (Atheneum) |
| The Black Pearl | Scott O'Dell (Houghton) | |
| The Fearsome Inn | Isaac Bashevis Singer (Scribner) | |
| The Egypt Game | Zilpha Keatley Snyder (Atheneum) | |
| 1967 | The King's Fifth | Scott O'Dell (Houghton) |
| Zlateh The Goat and Other Stories | Isaac Bashevis Singer (Harper) | |
| The Jazz Man | Mary Hays Weik (Atheneum) | |
| 1966 | The Black Cauldron * | Lloyd Alexander (Holt) |
| The Animal Family | Randall Jarrell (Pantheon) | |
| The Noonday Friends | Mary Stolz (Harper) | |
| 1965 | Across Five Aprils * | Irene Hunt (Follett) |
| 1964 | Rascal: A Memoir of a Better Era | Sterling North (Dutton) |
| The Loner | Ester Wier (McKay) | |
| 1963 | Thistle and Thyme: Tales and Legends from Scotland | Sorche Nic Leodhas, pseud. (Leclaire Alger) (Holt) |
| Men of Athens | Olivia Coolidge (Houghton) | |
| 1962 | Frontier Living * | Edwin Tunis (World) |
| The Golden Goblet | Eloise Jarvis McGraw (Coward) | |
| Belling The Tiger | Mary Stolz (Harper) | |
| 1961 | America Moves Forward: A History | Peter by Gerald W. Johnson (Morrow) |
| Old Ramon | Jack Schaefer (Houghton) | |
| The Cricket In Times Square * | George Selden, pseud. (George Thompson) (Farrar) | |
| 1960 | My Side of the Mountain * | Jean Craighead George (Dutton) |
| America Is Born: A History for Peter | Gerald W. Johnson (Morrow) | |
| The Gammage Cup | Carol Kendall (Harcourt) | |
| 1959 | The Family Under The Bridge | Natalie Savage Carlson (Harper) |
| Along Came A Do | Meindert Dejong (Harper) | |
| Chucaro: Wild Pony of the Pampa | Francis Kalnay (Harcourt) | |
| The Perilous Road | William O. Steele (Harcourt) | |
| 1958 | The Horsecatcher | Mari Sandoz (Westminster) |
| Gone-Away Lake | Elizabeth Enright (Harcourt) | |
| The Great Wheel | Robert Lawson (Viking) | |
| Tom Paine, Freedom's Apostle | Leo Gurko (Crowell) | |
| 1957 | Old Yeller | Fred Gipson (Harper) |
| The House of Sixty Fathers | Meindert DeJong (Harper) | |
| Mr. Justice Holmes | Clara Ingram Judson (Follett) | |
| The Corn Grows Ripe | Dorothy Rhoads (Viking) | |
| Black Fox of Lorne | Marguerite de Angeli (Doubleday) | |
| 1956 | The Secret River | Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings (Scribner) |
| The Golden Name Day | Jennie Lindquist (Harper) | |
| Men, Microscopes, and Living Things | Katherine Shippen (Viking) | |
| 1955 | Courage of Sarah Noble * | Alice Dalgliesh (Scribner) |
| Banner In The Sky * | James Ullman (Lippincott) | |
| 1954 | All Alone | Claire Huchet Bishop (Viking) |
| Shadrach | Meindert Dejong (Harper) | |
| Hurry Home, Candy | Meindert Dejong (Harper) | |
| Theodore Roosevelt, Fighting Patriot | Clara Ingram Judson (Follett) | |
| Magic Maize | Mary & Conrad Buff (Houghton) | |
| 1953 | Charlotte's Web * | E. B. White (Harper) |
| Moccasin Trail | Eloise Jarvis McGraw (Coward) | |
| Red Sails to Capri | Ann Weil (Viking) | |
| The Bears on Hemlock Mountain | Alice Dalgliesh (Scribner) | |
| Birthdays of Freedom, Vol. 1 | Genevieve Foster (Scribner) | |
| 1952 | Americans Before Columbus | Elizabeth Baity (Viking) |
| Minn of the Mississippi | Holling C. Holling (Houghton) | |
| The Defender | Nicholas Kalashnikoff (Scribner) | |
| The Light at Tern Rock | Julia Sauer (Viking) | |
| The Apple and the Arrow | Mary & Conrad Buff (Houghton) | |
| 1951 | Better Known as Johnny Appleseed | Mabel Leigh Hunt (Lippincott) |
| Gandhi, Fighter Without a Sword | Jeanette Eaton (Morrow) | |
| Abraham Lincoln, Friend of the People | Clara Ingram Judson (Follett) | |
| The Story of Appleby Capple | Anne Parrish (Harper) | |
| 1950 | Tree of Freedom | Rebecca Caudill (Viking) |
| The Blue Cat of Castle Town | Catherine Coblentz (Longmans) | |
| Kildee House | Rutherford Montgomery (Doubleday) | |
| George Washington | Genevieve Foster (Scribner) | |
| Song of The Pines: A Story of Norwegian Lumbering in Wisconsin | Walter & Marion Havighurst (Winston) | |
| 1949 | Seabird | Holling C. Holling (Houghton) |
| Daughter of the Mountain | Louise Rankin (Viking) | |
| My Father's Dragon | Ruth S. Gannett (Random House) | |
| Story of the Negro | Arna Bontemps (Knopf) | |
| 1948 | Pancakes-Paris | Claire Huchet Bishop (Viking) |
| Li Lun, Lad of Courage | Carolyn Treffinger (Abingdon) | |
| The Quaint and Curious Quest of Johnny Longfoot | Catherine Besterman (Bobbs-Merrill) | |
| The Cow-Tail Switch, and Other West African Stories | Harold Courlander (Holt) | |
| Misty of Chincoteague | Marguerite Henry (Rand McNally) | |
| 1947 | Wonderful Year | Nancy Barnes (Messner) |
| Big Tree | Mary & Conrad Buff (Viking) | |
| The Heavenly Tenants | William Maxwell (Harper) | |
| The Avion My Uncle Flew | Cyrus Fisher, pseud. (Darwin L. Teilhet) (Appleton) | |
| The Hidden Treasure of Glaston | Eleanor Jewett (Viking) | |
| 1946 | Justin Morgan Had a Horse | Marguerite Henry (Rand McNally) |
| The Moved-Outers | Florence Crannell Means (Houghton) | |
| Bhimsa, the Dancing Bear | Christine Weston (Scribner) | |
| New Found World | Katherine Shippen (Viking) | |
| 1945 | The Hundred Dresses * | Eleanor Estes (Harcourt) |
| The Silver Pencil | Alice Dalgliesh (Scribner) | |
| Abraham Lincoln's World | Genevieve Foster (Scribner) | |
| Lone Journey: The Life of Roger Williams | Jeanetter Eaton (Harcourt) | |
| 1944 | These Happy Golden Years | Laura Ingalls Wilder (Harper) |
| Fog Magic | Julia Sauer (Viking) | |
| Rufus M. | Eleanor Estes (Harcourt) | |
| Mountain Born | Elizabeth Yates (Coward) | |
| 1943 | The Middle Moffat | Eleanor Estes (Harcourt) |
| Have You Seen Tom Thumb? | Mabel Leigh Hunt (Lippincott) | |
| 1942 | Little Town on the Prairie | Laura Ingalls Wilder (Harper) |
| George Washington's World | Genevieve Foster (Scribner) | |
| Indian Captive: The Story of Mary Jemison | Lois Lenski (Lippincott) | |
| Down Ryton Water | Eva Roe Gaggin (Viking) | |
| 1941 | Blue Willow | Doris Gates (Viking) |
| Young Mac of Fort Vancouver | Mary Jane Carr (Crowell) | |
| The Long Winter * | Laura Ingalls Wilder (Harper) | |
| Nansen | Anna Gertrude Hall (Viking) | |
| 1940 | The Singing Tree | Kate Seredy (Viking) |
| Runner of the Mountain Tops: The Life of Louis Agassiz | Mabel Robinson (Random House) | |
| By the Shores of Silver Lak | Laura Ingalls Wilder (Harper) | |
| Boy with a Pack | Stephen W. Meader (Harcourt) | |
| 1939 | Nino | Valenti Angelo (Viking) |
| Mr. Popper's Penguins | Richard & Florence Atwater (Little, Brown) | |
| Hello the Boat! | Phyllis Crawford (Holt) | |
| Leader By Destiny: George Washington, Man and Patriot | Jeanette Eaton (Harcourt) | |
| Penn | Elizabeth Janet Gray (Viking) | |
| 1938 | Pecos Bill | James Cloyd Bowman (Little, Brown) |
| Bright Island | Mabel Robinson (Random House) | |
| On the Banks of Plum Creek | Laura Ingalls Wilder (Harper) | |
| 1937 | Phoebe Fairchild: Her Book | Lois Lenski (Stokes) |
| Whistler's Van | Idwal Jones (Viking) | |
| The Golden Basket | Ludwig Bemelmans (Viking) | |
| Winterbound | Margery Bianco (Viking) | |
| The Codfish Musket | Agnes Hewes (Doubleday) | |
| Audubon | Constance Rourke (Harcourt) | |
| 1936 | Honk, the Moose | Phil Stong (Dodd) |
| The Good Master | Kate Seredy (Viking) | |
| Young Walter Scott | Elizabeth Janet Gray (Viking) | |
| All Sail Set: A Romance of the Flying Cloud | Armstrong Sperry (Winston) | |
| 1935 | Pageant of Chinese History | Elizabeth Seeger (Longmans) |
| Davy Crockett | Constance Rourke (Harcourt) | |
| Day On Skates: The Story of a Dutch Picnic | Hilda Von Stockum (Harper) | |
| 1934 | The Forgotten Daughter | Caroline Snedeker (Doubleday) |
| Swords of Steel | Elsie Singmaster (Houghton) | |
| ABC Bunny | Wanda Gág (Coward) | |
| Winged Girl of Knossos | Erik Berry, pseud. (Allena Best) (Appleton) | |
| New Land | Sarah Schmidt (McBride) | |
| Big Tree of Bunlahy: Stories of My Own Countryside | Padraic Colum (Macmillan) | |
| Glory of the Seas | Agnes Hewes (Knopf) | |
| Apprentice of Florence | Ann Kyle (Houghton) | |
| 1933 | Swift Rivers | Cornelia Meigs (Little, Brown) |
| The Railroad To Freedom: A Story of the Civil War | Hildegarde Swift (Harcourt) | |
| Children of the Soil: A Story of Scandinavia | Nora Burglon (Doubleday) | |
| 1932 | The Fairy Circus | Dorothy P. Lathrop (Macmillan) |
| Calico Bush | Rachel Field (Macmillan) | |
| Boy of the South Seas | Eunice Tietjens (Coward-McCann) | |
| Out of the Flame | Eloise Lownsbery (Longmans) | |
| Jane's Island | Marjorie Allee (Houghton) | |
| Truce of the Wolf and Other Tales of Old Italy | Mary Gould Davis (Harcourt) | |
| 1931 | Floating Island | Anne Parrish (Harper) |
| The Dark Star of Itza: The Story of A Pagan Princess | Alida Malkus (Harcourt) | |
| Queer Person | Ralph Hubbard (Doubleday) | |
| Mountains are Free | Julie Davis Adams (Dutton) | |
| Spice and the Devil's Cave | Agnes Hewes (Knopf) | |
| Meggy MacIntosh | Elizabeth Janet Gray (Doubleday) | |
| Garram the Hunter: A Boy of the Hill Tribes | Herbert Best (Doubleday) | |
| Ood-Le-Uk the Wanderer | Alice Lide & Margaret Johansen (Little, Brown) | |
| 1930 | A Daughter of the Seine: The Life of Madame Roland | Jeanette Eaton (Harper) |
| Pran of Albania | Elizabeth Miller (Doubleday) | |
| Jumping-Off Place | Marion Hurd McNeely (Longmans) | |
| The Tangle-Coated Horse and Other Tales | Ella Young (Longmans) | |
| Vaino | Julia Davis Adams (Dutton) | |
| Little Blacknose | Hildegarde Swift (Harcourt) | |
| 1929 | Pigtail of Ah Lee Ben Loo | John Bennett (Longmans) |
| Millions of Cats * | Wanda Gág (Coward) more | |
| The Boy Who Was | Grace Hallock (Dutton) | |
| Clearing Weather | Cornelia Meigs (Little, Brown) | |
| Runaway Papoose | Grace Moon (Doubleday) | |
| Tod of the Fens | Elinor Whitney (Macmillan) | |
| 1928 | The Wonder Smith and His Son | Ella Young (Longmans) |
| Downright Dencey | Caroline Snedeker (Doubleday) | |
| 1927 | none selected ... | |
| 1926 | The Voyagers: Being Legends and Romances of Atlantic Discovery | Padraic Colum (Macmillan) |
| 1925 | Nicholas: A Manhattan Christmas Story | Annie Carroll Moore (Putnam) |
| The Dream Coach | Anne Parrish (Macmillan) | |
| 1924 | None recorded | |
| 1923 | None recorded | |
| 1922 | The Great Quest | Charles Hawes (Little, Brown) |
| Cedric the Forester | Bernard Marshall (Appleton) | |
| The Old Tobacco Shop: A True Account of What Befell a Little Boy in Search of Adventure | William Bowen (Macmillan) | |
| The Golden Fleece and The Heroes Who Lived Before Achilles | Padraic Colum (Macmillan) | |
| The Windy Hill | Cornelia Meigs (Macmillan) |
* Highly recommended. Meaning no disrespect for others.